Engine block, Engine head, Engine crankcase, Cylinder liners, Engine Gasket, Piston, Connecting rod, Crankshaft are the main parts of the automobile Engine.
Each parts description as fallows ,
Engine block
Construction – It is the basic frame of engine. A rigid metal foundation is provided by the engine block for various parts of the engine. The cylinder are contained in it. The valve ports and guide may also built in it. The Crankshaft camshaft also in it.
Engine block is made by grey cast-iron or aluminum alloys .
Engine head
The cylinder head is a single casting bolted to the top of Engine block, Engine block have hole for screwing spark plugs and valve system. Water passage and combustion chamber are formed in cylinder head . Generally cylinder head are of aluminum alloys for better heat conductivity. grey cast-iron also use for cylinder head.
Types of combustion chamber
a) L-head
b) F-head
c) The bath –tub
d) Hemispherical
e) Direct & indirect injection type
Engine crankcase
The oil pan or sump forms the bottom half of the crankcase. It is attached to the crankcase through bolt with gasket to make the joint leak-proof. It is contained of engine oil . the engine crankcase is made of pressed steel sheet.
Cylinder liners
The problem of cylinder wear in the engine is a very acute one especially when cylinder block is made from aluminum alloys The solution to this found in the use of cylinder liners. Which can be replaced when worn out. Liner are used to restore to its original size a Engine block. cylinder liners are made in farm of barrels from special alloy iron containing silicon, manganese, nickel, chromium.
Type of cylinder liner
1) Wet liner – If the coolant or water circulate around the walls of the cylinder liner is called Wet cylinder liners.
2) Dry liner - If the coolant or water has not circulate or touching around the walls of the cylinder liner is called Dry cylinder liners.
Engine Gasket
Gasket is used to provide a tight fitting joint between two surface . e.g. – The joint between cylinder head and block, between the crankcase and The oil pan or sump. Between engine block and manifold or water pump.
Piston
A piston is cylindrical in shape and forms the movable portion of the combustion chamber .The gas pressure acts on the head of piston head The face due to this pressure is transmitted to the connecting rod via piston. It helps to transmit the forces due to explosion. Piston serves as a heat transfer medium to cylinder walls.
Piston made of cast-iron or aluminum alloys.
Connecting rod
The function of connecting rod is to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotary motion of crankshaft. The axial stress and bending stress act on connecting rod. Connecting rod are made by drop forging steel or duralumin.
Crankshaft
It is the main parts of the automobile Engine from which the power is taken. It receive power from connecting rod in the designated sequence for onward transmission to the clutch and subsequently to wheels. Crankshaft is fitted in engine block through cell bearing in main journal. Crankpins are the journal for the connecting rod big end bearing and are supported by crank web . the oil hole is provide for lubrication. Crankshaft made by drop forging steel or duralumin.
For figure refer my another blog.(automobile figure)
